The fatal accident was reported around 6:45 a.m. Thursday at 16th Street and South Van Ness Avenue.
The bicyclist, identified as Dylan Mitchell, and the garbage truck were both traveling east on 16th Street when the truck began to make a right turn onto South Van Ness, according to police.
Mitchell, who was traveling at a high rate of speed, hit the rear of the truck. He was not wearing a helmet and was pronounced dead at the scene, police said.
Mitchell's aunt, Concord resident Arla Samuels, said Friday morning from the family's home in Clayton that Mitchell had moved to San Francisco two weeks ago for an electrician's apprenticeship.
Samuels said the Clayton Valley High School graduate loved to play golf and was new to cycling.
Mitchell is survived by three younger brothers and his mother and father, the aunt said.
The driver of the truck that struck Mitchell eventually stopped at the scene after the mangled white bicycle ended up a block away along a curb on 17th Street.
The garbage truck is owned by Recology, which issued a statement Thursday offering condolences to Mitchell's family and saying the company was cooperating with the police investigation into the collision.