The woman was hit by a train south of Trousdale Drive, near the Broadway Station, at 10:09 a.m., Caltrain spokeswoman Tasha Bartholomew said.
Trains are running on a single track through the area, Bartholomew said.The San Mateo County coroner's bureau is investigating the incident.
This is the 12th fatality in the Caltrain right-of-way this year, Bartholomew said.